A hero’s welcome awaited Gandhi when he landed on January 9, 1915, at the Apollo Bunder in Bombay. Three days later he was honored by the people of Bombay at a magnificent reception in the palatial house of a Bombay magnate Jehangir Petit. The Government of India joined with the people of India in showering honours on Gandhi. He received a "Kaiser-I-Hind" gold medal in the King’s birthday honours list of 1915. His association with Gokhale was guarantee enough of his being a safe politician. Of course, he had led an extra-constitutional movement in South Africa, defied laws and filled gaols, but the cause for which he had fought appeared as much humanitarian as political, dear to all Indian as and all Englishmen whose sense of humanity had not been blunted by racial arrogance or political expediency. Lord Hardinge’s open support of the Satyagraha movement had in any case removed the stigma of rebellion from South Africa’s Indian movement. >Gandhi was in no hurry to plunge into politics. His political mentor on the Indian scene was Gokhale. One of the first things Gokhale did was to extract a promise from Gandhi that he would not express himself upon public questions for a year, which was to be a "year of probation". Gokhale was very keen that Gandhi should join the Servants of India Society in Poona. Gandhi was only too willing to fall in with the wishes of Gokhale, but several members of the Society feared that there was too great a gap between the ideals and methods of the Society and those of Gandhi. While the question of his admission as a ‘Servant of India’ was being debated, Gandhi visited his home towns of Porbandar and Rajkot and went on to Shantiniketan in West Bengal, the cosmopolitan University of the Poet Rabindranath Tagore.
Gandhi and Kasturba on their return to India, January 1915
The trip to Shantiniketan ended abruptly with a telegram from Poona that Gokhale was dead. Gandhi was stunned. He mourned Gokhale by going barefoot for a year, and out of respect for the memory of his mentor, made another effort to seek admission to the Servants of India Society. Finding a sharp division of opinion in the Society on this point, he withdrew his application for admission. During 1915—the year of probation—Gandhi eschewed politics severely. In his speeches and writings he confined himself to the reform of the individual and the society and avoided the issues which dominated Indian politics. His restraint was partly due to self-imposed silence and partly to the fact that he was still studying conditions in India and making up his mind.
Nonviolent Non-Co-Operation
A Poster brought out during the Non-Co-operation Movement
The programme of "non-violent non-cooperation" included the boycott of councils, courts and schools, set up by the British and of all foreign cloth. With some naiveté Gandhi claimed that his movement was not unconstitutional: In his dictionary, constitutional and moral were synonymous terms. The British saw that the success of "non-cooperation" would paralyse their administration. Lord Chelmsford, the Viceroy, tried to kill with ridicule "the most foolish of all foolish schemes", which would "bring ruin to those who had any stake in the country". A number of eminent "moderate" politicians joined official critics in underlining the risks of mass non-cooperation as proposed by Gandhi. That a political programme had no chance of success without an adequate organization to implement it, Gandhi had realized at the age of twenty-five, when he had founded the Natal Indian Congress to fight for the rights of Indians in Natal. The Indian National Congress, had, therefore, to be refashioned, if it was to prove an efficient instrument of non-violent non-cooperation. Gandhi saw that what the country needed was not a forum for an annual pageant and feast of oratory, but a militant organization in touch with the masses. Under the new constitution, the Congress was given a broad-based pyramidal structure by formation of village, taluka, district and provincial committees, with the All India Congress Committee and the Working Committee at the apex. The Congress was thus reorganized not only on a more representative basis, but in such a way that it could function efficiently between its annual sessions. It ceased to be a preserve of the upper and middle classes; its doors were opened to the masses in the small towns and villages whose political consciousness Gandhi himself was quickening. Gandhi was swept to the top of Indian politics in 1919-20 because he had caught the imagination of the people. He was loved and respected as the Mahatma, the great soul; with voluntary poverty, simplicity, humility and saintliness, he seemed a rishi (sage) of old who had stepped from the pages of an ancient epic to bring about the liberation of his country. Nay, to millions he was the incarnation of God. It was not only for his message that people came to him, but for the merit of seeing him. The sacred sight of the Mahatma—his darshan—was almost equivalent to a pilgrimage to holy Banaras. The unthinking adoration of the multitude sometimes made Gandhi feel sick. "The woes of the Mahatma", he wrote, "are known only to the Mahatma". But this adoration was the mainspring from which was drawn the immense influence he exercised over Indian public life. Gandhi had struck some of the inner chords of Indian humanity; his appeal for courage and sacrifice evoked a ready response because he was himself the epitome of these qualities. It was because he was, to use Churchill’s epithet, a "naked fakir", because his life was one of austerity and self-sacrifice that a great emotional bond grew between him and the Indian people. The number of such "fakirs" was to multiply fast. Among those who gave up their lucrative careers and queued up for prison under Gandhi’s leadership were Motilal Nehru, Rajendra Prasad, C.R. Das, Vallabhbhai Patel, and C. Rajagopalachari. Life acquired a new meaning for them. Abbas Tyabji, a former Chief Justice of Baroda, wrote from a village that he was feeling twenty years younger. "God?" he exclaimed, "what an experience ! I have so much love and affection for the common folk to whom it is now an honour to belong. It is the fakir's dress that has broken down all barriers." It is of this period that Jawaharlal Nehru has written in his autobiography that the movement absorbed him so wholly that he "gave up all other associations and contacts, old friends, books, even newspapers except in so far as they dealt with the work in hand…. I almost forgot my family, my wife, my daughter." From the autumn of 1920, the non-cooperation movement gathered momentum. The attitude of the Government at first was one of caution. It was reluctant to launch a drastic repression, as it did not want to alienate moderate Indian opinion. Soon after his arrival in India in April, 1921, Lord Reading, the new Viceroy, met Gandhi. In a private letter to his son, the Viceroy confessed to a feeling of excitement, almost a thrill, in meeting his unusual visitor and described his religious and moral views as admirable, though he found it difficult to understand his practice of them in politics. Throughout 1921, the tension between the Congress and the Government was steadily mounting. There was no meeting of minds between Gandhi and Reading. The Ali Brothers, the principal leaders of the Khilafat, were arrested in September 1921 on a charge of inciting the army to disloyalty; their offence was repeated by a number of Indian leaders including Gandhi. This was a challenge which was difficult for the Government not to accept. The official optimism that the movement would melt away by internal differences or popular apathy proved to be misplaced. Nearly thirty thousand non-cooperators were arrested. The Government was reluctant to touch Gandhi until a favourable opportunity came. Indeed as late as December 1921, Lord Reading seemed willing to hold a round table conference with Gandhi and other Indian leaders to reach an understanding and to avoid unseemly scenes during the visit to India of the Prince of Wales. Lord Reading was, however, hardly in a position to make any substantial political concessions. Meanwhile, Gandhi was under increasing pressure from his adherents to launch a civil disobedience campaign. The Ahmedabad Congress in December 1921 invested him with authority to launch a mass movement. Mass civil disobedience was, in the words of Gandhi, "an earthquake, a sort of general upheaval on the political plane—the Government ceases to function… the police stations, the courts, offices, etc., all cease to be Government property and shall be taken charge of by the people." He proposed to proceed cautiously. His plan was to launch civil disobedience in one district; if it succeeded he proposed to extend it to the adjacent districts, and so on, until the whole of India was liberated. But he gave a clear warning that if violence broke out in any form in any part of the country, the movement would lose its character as a movement of peace, "even as a lute would begin to emit notes of discord the moment a single string snaps."
Bombay Chronicle report on the Ahmedabad Congress, December 1921
A riot which disfigured Bombay during the visit of Prince of Wales in November 1921 had led Gandhi to postpone civil disobedience. Nevertheless, two months later, under growing pressure from his colleagues, he decided to launch a no-tax campaign in Bardoli taluka in Gujarat. He communicated the step he contemplated, with his reasons for it, in a letter to the Viceroy. This was taken by the Government of India as an ultimatum. A head-on collision between the Government on the one hand and the nationalist forces on the other seemed imminent. Gandhi’s letter to the Viceroy was dated February 1,1922. Three days later, there was a clash between a procession and the police at Chauri Chaura, a small village in the United Province, in which the police station was set on fire and 22 policemen were killed. Gandhi viewed the Chauri Chaura tragedy as a red signal, a warning that the atmosphere in the country was too explosive for a mass movement. He decided to retrace his steps, to cancel the plans for civil disobedience in Bardoli, to suspend the aggressive part of the non-cooperation campaign, and to shift the emphasis to the ‘constructive’ programme of hand-spinning, communal unity, abolition of untouchability, etc. His action shocked and bewildered his closest colleagues. Their reaction is best expressed in Romain Rolland’s words: "It was dangerous to assemble all the forces of a nation and to hold the nation panting before a prescribed movement, to lift one’s arm to give the final command, then at the last moment, let one’s arm drop and thrice call a halt just as the formidable machinery has been set in motion. One risks ruining the brakes and paralysing the impetus." The Viceroy, Lord Reading, cheerfully confided to his son that Gandhi "had pretty well run himself to the last ditch as a politician by extraordinary manifestation in the last month or six weeks before his arrest".
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Chronological Sketch of Gandhi in Bombay
(Since 1915-1948)
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1915
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January
| 9th Jan |
Gandhi along with Kasturba returned to India by SS Arabia from South Africa via London.
Narottam Morarji, J. B. Petit, Bhalchandra Krishna, B. G. Horniman, Revashanker Zaveri, Maganlal Gandhi took a launch to reach the steamer to welcome Kasturba and Gandhi. At Apollo bunder, large crowd had gathered to welcome Gandhi.
In a letter to his cousin, Maganlal Gandhi he wrote "I was filled with joy when, nearing Bombay I sighted the coast. I am still beside myself with joy."
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1915
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January
| 12th Jan |
The receptions and facilitations were organized for the Gandhi across the city. On 12th Jan, 1915, J. B. Petit had organized a reception at his bunglow Mount Petit on Pedder Road. Over 600 distinguished citizens-both Europeans and Indians were present. Prominent among them were M. A. Jinnah, Dinsha Vaccha, Sir Richard Lamb, K. M. Munshi, Pherozeshah Mehta, Sir Dorab Tata and Sir Claude Hill.
See Images
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1915
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January
| 14th Jan |
A garden party in honour of Kasturba and Gandhi was hosted by Gurjar Sabha at Mangaldas House, Girgaum. M. A. Jinnah presided over the meeting. In his speech, Jinnah spoke of Gandhi's arduous labours in the cause of not only indentured Indians in South Africa but also of the motherland. He said that Gandhi's co-operation would greatly help forward the work of uniting Hindus and Muslims.
While praising Gandhi, Jinnah did not forget Kasturba, who had set example not only to the women kind in India but also to the world. For a women to stand by a husband and share his trials, offerings and sacrifice and even go to jail was a model of womanhood of which any country could be proud of.
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1917
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First Stayed in Mani Bhavan. During his stay here, he saw a carder pass by the house. Gandhiji sent for him and asked him to card cotton for making slivers. A spinning class was then open in Mani Bhavan. Gandhiji was the most ardent pupil of this class.
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1918
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February
| 20th Feb. |
One of the oldest women's organization, Bhagini Samaj of Bombay (founded in 1916 in memory of Gokhale) invited Gandhi to preside over it's annual meeting at Morarji Gokuldas Hall. Gandhi advised and aroused the women of Bombay. He stirred up their sense of Tyag, Seva, Prem and Bhakti. He also advised women against seeking special rights which would reduce them to the status of Harijans. They must seek no special rights but should grow up by themselves.
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1919
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January
| 9th Jan |
Gandhiji got a severe attack of dysentery in 1918. His refusal to take medicines and injections worsened his health. He came to Mani Bhavan from Matheran on December 13, 1918, in critical condition. His vow of not drinking milk was coming in the way of his recovery. He had taken the vow of not taking the milk because of the cruel method called "phookan" for milking the cow. In this method the milking animal is made to yield the last drop of milk in its udder, which is very painful . He explained his reason and his dilemma to his Doctor. Kasturba who was present there intervened saying, "But surely, you cannot have any objection to goat's milk". The Doctor supported her. Gandhiji yielded.
Gandhiji began taking goat's milk from the first week of January, 1919 as his "intense eagerness to take up the Satyagraha fight had created (in him) a strong desire to live".
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1919
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January
| 14th Jan |
Dr. Annie Besant called in at Mani Bhavan to meet Gandhi. Since she was in Bombay for just a day, she had arranged for an appointment with Gandhi previously. Gandhi was not well and in great pain. He was in dilemma because of his pain he could not go and meet Dr. Besant nor he wanted an old lady to walk up two floors to meet him. Eventually, Dr. Besant went to meet Gandhi.
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1919
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January
| 20th Jan |
Bapu was operated upon for piles. He slept till 8.30 p.m. The side effects of medicines made him delirious. The last outburst during the delirium was very significant, "These two things are a 'must' for the Government. It has but to annul the Salt Act and nationalize the milk industry. It passes my understanding how such a cruel tax as this on salt was meekly accepted by the people. The whole country could have been inflamed to revolt against the Government at the time the law was passed. How could there be a tax on salt so indispensable to human life?"
After he came to his senses he began to dictate letters till midnight. Narhari had adversely criticized Bapu's amendment in his vow to abjure milk : "We are all glad to learn that you have begun to take goat's milk. But there is greater strength in giving up the vow straight away than in discovering new implications from it in order to discard it, stage by stage, etc."
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1919
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April
| 6th April |
6th April was observed as Black Sunday to protest against the Rowlatt Acts. The Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Acts was to commence with the observance of a 24 hours' fast, prayer, general strike and a resolution to be passed at a public meeting declaring the people's opposition against the Acts. Sunday, the 30th of March, was fixed as the day of the commencement. But it was changed afterwards to Sunday the 6th of April because it was feared that the whole country could not be intimated in time.
From early morning, people of Bombay started gathering at Chowpatty to bathe in the sea. It was 'Black Sunday' and the day's programme began with the sea bath. Gandhi was the first one to arrived at Chowpatty with several volunteers to take sea bath. As the day advanced, people kept pouring in on the sea shore. Chowpatty to Sandhurst bridge was swarmed with people. Exactly at 8 O' clock, Gandhi started his speech. After the meeting, people formed a procession to go to Madhav Baug Temple to offer prayers. At the end of the day, Gandhi suggested the sale of proscribed literature. Gandhi's Hind Swaraj and Sarvodaya which were already proscribed were sold at the meeting. Gandhi and Sarojini Naidu went out to sell the books. All the copies were sold. People paid more than the published price of the book - 4 annas. As high as Rs. 50/- was paid to Gandhi for one copy. The proceeds of the sale were utilized for the Civil Disobedience Movement.
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1919
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April
| 11th April |
Bapu was brought to Bombay and was released at 1 p.m. Umar Sobani and Anusuyabehn contacted Gandhi and asked him to accompany them to Paydhonie at once as the outbreak of violence was expected any minute there. On seeing Gandhi, people went mad with joy. A procession was formed with the chanting of 'Vande Mataram' and 'Allah-O-Akbar'. As the procession emerged from Abdul Rehman Street and was moving towards Crawford Market, suddenly mounted Police emerged to prevent the procession to go further towards Fort. In order to disperse the crowd, officer in-charge of mounted police ordered to lathi charge the crowd. Soon the ranks were broken. There was stampede and confusion. Gandhi's car was allowed to proceed. He straight away went to commissioner's Griffith's office to complain about the conduct of the police. The officer informed Gandhi about the riots in Amritsar, Ahmedabad and even in Bombay - that people were throwing stones and obstructing tram cars.
Gandhi took leave of police officers and said that he intended to address a public meeting at Chowpatty on the same evening.
A public meeting was held in the evening on the Chowpatty beach. Bapu read his following written message to the public :
" Brothers and sisters,
This is not the moment for me to enter into the near past. I must refer to what has just happened. As you see I have been set free by the Government. The two days' detention was no detention for me. It was like heavenly bliss. The officials in charge of me were all attention and all kindness to me. Whatever I needed was supplied to me, and I was afforded greater comforts than I am used to when free. I have not been able to understand so much excitement and disturbance that followed my detention. It is not Satyagraha. It is worse then duragraha (antonym of Satyagraha)."
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1921
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July
| 31st July |
Speaking on the occasion of the first bonfire of foreign cloth which was lit in Bombay on 31st July, 1921, Gandhi said, "I am sure that the best method of perpetuating Lokmanya's memory is the attainment of Swaraj. And Swaraj is impossible without Swadeshi."
Gandhi ceremoniously celebrated the bonfire of foreign cloth at Umar Sobani's yard at Parel. It was not the rags that were burnt but some of the finest saris, shirts, and jackets were consigned to flames. No less than one lakh and half pieces were consigned to flames. The bonfire lit in Bombay by Gandhi was the example which was followed all over India.
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1921
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August
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1st August
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In the evening, Gandhi addressed a huge crowd at Chowpatty on the spot where Tilak was cremated a year previously. See Images
"It was the magic of Lokamanya Tilak’s name that brought together the two lakhs of men and women on Mr. Sobani’s ground yesterday. It was to me a soul-stirring sight. Bombay the beautiful lit yesterday a fire which must remain for ever alive even as in a Parsi temple and which must continually burn all our pollutions, as yesterday we burnt our greatest outward pollution, namely, our foreign clothing."
See Images
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1924
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March
| 11th March |
On the 11th morning, Gandhi reached Dadar (a station in Bombay). The people did not harass him anywhere either on the route or on the alighting station; the journey turned out to be extremely happy and he was quietly carried to Juhu from Dadar by a car. The superb quiet of this place becomes all the more entrancing by the charming music of the sea. The reason Gandhiji gave for his preference of this site to that of Karachi was this: 'Being centrally situated, the place would be more convenient for visitors.'
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1929
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April
| 5th April |
Gandhi arrived in Bombay on 5th April and addressed a public meeting at the Congress House on the importance of khaddar and the boycott of foreign cloth. About fifty foreign caps and few other foreign cloths were thrown on the platform. At the close of the meeting the foreign-made cloths were burned inside the Congress House compound.
A gold ring was presented to Gandhi at this meeting and it was auction thrice.
At a public meeting in Girgaum, Gandhi made an appeal for funds and several ladies threw their necklaces and ornaments which were auction after the meeting.
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1931
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June
| 25th June |
A surprise dinner programme was arranged by 'Young Europeans' at the Taj Mahal Hotel on 25th June, 1931. The dinner was strictly private, by personal invitations only. Gandhi, who was clad in simple cloths, did not use the hotel lift but preferred to climb up to the first floor. The privacy of the conference was maintain to the extent that even Europeans journalists who were invited were requested by Gandhi not to print a single word about the discussions they had.
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1931
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August
| 29th August |
On 29th August, Gandhi returned from Simla . A special train was provided for him to enable him to catch the steamer for London. His arrival in Bombay was eagerly awaited by large crowds. He drove straight from the station to Azad Maidan to address a public meeting.
At Ballard Pier, an enormous crowd had gathered to have a glimpse of Gandhi who was leaving for London by S.S. Rajputana. All the special passes to enter the mole station were taken up before noon on the previous day. Among those who went aboard the S.S. Rajputana to see Gandhi off were Kasturbai, Vallabhbhai Patel, Manibehn and others. Fatigued from the train-journey, Gandhi straight away went to his cabin, but the eager crowd wanted to have one more glimpse of him. Gandhi yielded to the continuing shouts, he came out and bowed to the people with folded hands.
See Images
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1931
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December
| 28th Dec. |
Gandhi returned to Bombay after attending Round Table Conference in London on 28th Dec. 1931 by S. S. Pilsna. The Central Hall of Ballard Pier was gaily decorated with festoons and national flags. Gandhi received an uproarious ovation. A procession was formed with Gandhi seated in a decorated car. Crowds of people lined the entire route of the procession from Ballard Pier to Mani Bhavan.
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1932
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January
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1st Jan
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From 29th Dec. 1931 to 4th Jan. 1932, Gandhi had a hectic time at Mani Bhavan hearing deputations from all the provinces. The Working Committee was continually in session.
In the small hours of 4th Jan. 1932, Gandhi was arrested from Mani Bhavan. A newspaper reported- "Shortly after 3 O' clock in the morning the silence of the night was broken by the noise of grinding brakes as motor cars drew up outside Mani Bhavan. Police Commissioner and his assistants entered the house. They were met by Devdas. Commissioner asked to see Gandhi at once. Five minutes later, Gandhi appeared, all smiles. It was Monday and his day of silence. He said nothing. Read the warrant produced by the police. He requested for half an hour delay. Everyone in the house awoke. Mirabehn brought a bowl of water for Gandhi, he washed himself. Ba reminded him about his prayer. The half hour respite was full of tense emotions. Unmindful of the cold on the canopied terrace where Gandhi had been sleeping, his followers wept loudly. One of the women placed a garland of handspun yarn around his neck and decorated his forehead with kumkum... Ba went up to the police officers and with her voice chocked with emotions requested the officer, "Please look after him." Officers smile and reassured her, saying "Don't worry, we shall be careful." ...All present then successively bowed and touched Gandhi's feet . Unable to control herself, Ba leaned on Gandhi's outstretched hands and wept bitterly. ...Next moment, Gandhi was in the hands of Police Officers.... 35 minutes after the arrival of Police, Gandhi climbed into the motor car. Amidst shouts of 'Mahatma Gandhi ki Jai' from a small crowd that had gathered, the car moved off. Gandhi was taken to Yeravda Prison, Poona."
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1932
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Jan.
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3rd Jan.
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Gandhi described his plan of action, just before his arrest, in an interview to the press at Mani Bhavan. He said -"what I would ask the nation to do after my arrest is to wake up from its sleep."
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1934
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June
| 16th June |
Gandhi spared time for Harijan work, visiting Harijan huts in the city. At Walpakhadi, a thickly populated area of Bombay, mostly inhabited by the Harijan families, he had a friendly chat with the untouchables and discussed with them their problems. He also visited Tadwadi, Love Lane, Kamathipura, Mahalakshmi Kachrapatti Chawls and the slums of Prabhadevi.
In his speech Gandhi said, "Bombay is beautiful indeed but where does its beauty consist- in Malabar Hill or in the Kachrapatti of Mahalakshmi? I beseech you to have a look at the plague- spots in Bombay and to move the Municipality to deal with them at once. How would you like to live near a sewer even for a single day?"
At a large gathering of women at Royal Opera House, women of Bombay donated Rs. 35,000 for the Harijan Fund.
Harijan Sevak Sangh organized a meeting at Santacruz and presented a purse of Rs. 9,000 to Gandhi.
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1934
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October
| 22nd Oct. |
Gandhi attended a public meeting held at Azad Maidan on 22nd October to mark the first death anniversary of Vithalbhai Patel. Gandhi narrated his relations with Vithalbhai Patel and paid him a handsome tribute as a valiant leader in the cause of country's freedom.
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1935
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May
| 22nd May |
Gandhi came to Bombay from Wardha. He first went to Mani Bhavan and later paid a visit to Kamla Nehru at the residence of J. A. D. Naoroji at Nepean Sea Road. He spent over an hour with Kamla Nehru, who was leaving for Europe for her treatment.
In the afternoon Gandhi accompanied by Vallabhbhai Patel, paid a visit to Haffkine Institute at Parel.
In the evening Gandhi delivered a public discourse atCongress House on the efficacy of prayers.
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1936
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January
| 17th Jan |
Gandhi came to Bombay on 17th January, 1936 to attend to his health. He was suffering from high blood pressure and dental trouble. He was accompanied by Kasturba, Vallabhbhai, Mahadev Desai and Dr. Jivraj. After couple of days, he also got his teeth extracted.
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1937
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December
| 7-13th Dec. |
Gandhi arrived in Bombay on 7th Dec. 1937. At that time, he was suffering from high blood pressure. He went to stay at R. D. Birla's bunglow at Juhu. Arrangements were made to give him complete rest and to prevent crowds and visitors from disturbing him. Even the telephone lines were disconnected.
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1942
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August
| 3rd-9th August |
G. D. Birla has noted down some interesting facts about the historic week of 'Quit India' movement that Gandhi spent in Bombay. Birla remarked to Gandhi that why he is taking very little food. Gandhi replied, "Bombay has plenty of ozone in the air, and the metabolism is so low that one does not need to much of food here. If I take full meals, I shall fall ill. But there is another reason. My mind is more busy these days than ever before. You cannot think to much and yet eat much. It is safer to keep light."
Birla writes, "When in Bombay, he (Gandhi) does not go out to public places for his walk. If he did, he would be mobbed by the admiring public. In Birla House, we have a small patch of lawn encircled by a paved pathway. In the circular track, Gandhiji takes walks of desired length. But in order to avoid walking in the same direction, Gandhi spends the first half walking clockwise and the second half in the reverse direction. Gandhiji is so fastidious even about these small things that while he may be discussing the most serious problem, after he has walked half his time in one direction, he takes right about turn and starts the walk in reverse direction. This ensures balanced exercise to the body."
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1944
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May
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Gandhi was released from Aga Khan Palace on 6th May, 1944. During his detention, he had developed hook worm and amoebic infection in addition to malaria. All this led to acute anemia. Doctors advised him a rest at a sea-side. Jehangir Patel offered his shack at Juhu beach. Visitors were prevented to meet Gandhi.
BWith supply of power from Bandra Corporation, arrangements were made for Gandhi to see a two-hour long film entitled 'Mission to Moscow', which portrayed girls dancing in tight-fitting garments. Gandhi was naturally displeased. He was also distressed by the pathos and scenes of drudgery and slavery marking the life of the common Russian. To corrected, an Indian film, 'Ram Rajya' was shown. It was a boisterous movie, and did not please him ether.
A terrible explosion had occurred in the Bombay docks and many had been killed. Despite Sarojini's protests, Gandhi insisted on visiting the seen of the disaster. So that he might rendered some help to the victims of the calamity. He was taken round the docks by the head of the Port Trust. Gandhi was deeply moved by what he saw and on his return to Juhu, he was very depressed and was unusually quite.
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1946
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March
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During his stay in Bombay in the spring of 1946, Gandhi held some interesting prayer meetings at which he dwelt on various aspects of prayer to God. The special feature of these prayer meetings was the mass singing of Ramdhun to the accompaniment of Tal for the first time in Bombay. Some could not correctly timed the Tal. It evoked from Gandhi a gentle rebuke. He stated, "Bombay had the reputation of being musically minded." He had expected them to give a better account of themselves. Instead, he found confusion in the meeting and the beating of Tal out of tune.
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1946
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March
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31st March
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During his sojourn in Bombay, this time he stayed for a while at the Worli Harijan quarters. On the eve of his arrival, there were hostile demonstrations by some Harijans. He still insisted on staying in the midst of them.
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After his return to India in 1915, he set about organising peasants, farmers, and .... His attempts at establishing a law practice in Bombay failed because he was ... In South Africa, Gandhi faced the discrimination directed at all coloured people.
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Reception to Gandhi in Bombay at Jehangir Petit's house with Sir ... Gandhi, who wasback in India with his wife Kasturba after 21 years in South Africa. Gandhi ...
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Three days later he was honored by the people of Bombay at a magnificent reception in the ... Of course, he had led an extra-constitutional movement in South Africa, defied laws ... Gandhi and Kasturba on their return to India, January 1915.
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The twenty-one year old Gandhi tried to set up a practice in Bombay, but failed, ... Hereturned to South Africa, and was immediately embroiled in controversy.
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Gandhi along with Kasturba returned to India by SS Arabia from South Africa via London. Narottam Morarji, J. B. Petit, Bhalchandra Krishna, B. G. Horniman, ...
www.gandhi-manibhavan.org/aboutgandhi/chrono_detailed_gandhiinsaf...
1893. April. 13. Gandhiji left for South Africa from Bombay via S.S. Safari. May ....Returned to Calcutta and stayed with Gokhale for several days. February. 21-22.
www.gandhi-manibhavan.org/aboutgandhi/biography_southafrica.htm
He then returned to South Africa with 800 free Indians. Their arrival was ... He travelled extensively in India and even opened a law office in Bombay. However ...
You visited this page on 17/12/14.
blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/.../a-different-kind-of-ghar-wapsi-100...
16 hours ago - When Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi returned to India from South ... by urban and educated Indians who held receptions for him in Bombay.
www.softschools.com › Timelines
While in South Africa, Gandhi became acquainted with the methods of ... After completing his studies, Gandhi returns to India to start a law practice in Bombay.
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